Key Terms

absorption -- largely related to brick and stone units

accidents/safety -- focuses on individuals; failures is used to describe structural collapse (see below)

adaptive reuse -- facility renovated for a use other than that for which it was originally created

additives/admixtures -- items other than lime, cement, water, or aggregate
in mortar or concrete mixtures

adobe -- production, processing, performance, usage, and repair

adhesion -- quality of an element's ability to stick to another material

adjacent/underground construction -- includes tunneling, excavation, utility installation, and erection of nearby buildings

aggregate -- sand or crushed stone used in concrete or mortar

aluminum -- production, processing, performance, and usage

analysis -- chemical and/or numerical assessment

anchors -- structural wall inserts used for stability or strength

archaeology -- information specifically related to historical excavation and ancient masonry

arches -- installation and usage

bibliography -- list of references published within a larger work

blasting/explosion -- the intentional or unintentional use or result of explosives (industrial or military) around masonry

bond pattern -- the repetitive design used to layout brick or stone units

brick -- fired clay unit; production, processing, performance, and usage

brickwork -- any masonry assemblage comprised only of brick and mortar

building codes -- proposed or enacted local or national regulations regarding building heights, compositions, or configurations

construction/installation/preparation -- information on the physical
placement of masonry

case history -- articles related to a specific building or group of buildings

cast stone/artificial stone -- cast or pressed cementitious units;
production, processing, performance, usage, and repair

cast-in-place -- advancements in cast-in-place concrete techniques

cast iron -- production, processing, performance, and usage

cavity construction -- the development, description and performance of any wall system which has an exterior wythe separated from an interior wythe with a space between

cement -- includes pozzolana, Rosedale, Portland, trass and others;
categorization, production, processing, performance, and usage

churches/synagogues -- information about specific building types

classification/properties/selection

clay -- categorization, production, processing, performance, and usage

cleaning -- options and assessments

cmu -- concrete masonry units

coatings/sealants/waterproofing -- options, applications, assessments

color -- manufacturing and usage

composite materials -- the use, production and performance of any two part material

composite walls -- the use, production, performance and assessment of any two part material construction system

composition -- chemical or physical make up of mortars, concretes, or masonry units

computer modeling -- finite element modeling, discreet element modeling, and other programs and approaches; see numerical modeling

concrete -- may include precast concrete as well as cast-in-place
products; production, processing, performance, usage, and repair

consolidants -- procedures and products; where the article is devoted singularly to lime wash, it is listed separately

contracts/contracting -- information related to general contracting procedures or to a specific project

cornice -- installation and usage

corporate information -- services provided by a specific company

corrosion -- causes, prevention, and assessment

cost -- unit prices or project expenses

cracks -- causes, prevention, and assessment

creep -- movement under sustained load

damage -- causes, prevention, and assessment

damp proof construction -- design and installation of systems or products to prevent moisture intrusion

defects -- manufacturing flaws

demolition -- intentional destruction of a structure

design -- usually structural, but may also be architectural

design team -- architects, engineers, or other professionals

details/plans/elevations/sections -- drawings of construction layouts or
details

deterioration -- types, causes, and assessment; when spalling is the primary focus, it is listed separately

diagnosis/condition assessment/survey -- field techniques

domes -- installation and usage

dry wall construction -- masonry units laid without mortar, installation, usage, and repair

durability -- ability to withstand deterioration over time or exposure to hostile environments

earthquake -- may include damage reports, vulnerability assessments, or code provisions

efflorescence/salt -- sources, solutions, and preventatives

elevator -- introduction and impact

environmental deterioration -- air pollution, acid rain, and similar forces

environmental impact -- assessments and predictions

epoxies and resins -- production, processing, performance, and usage

exhibition -- important introductions of technologies or designs

facade -- structural support or selective salvaging

failure -- unintended collapse or substantial damage to a structure

FEMA -- Federal Emergency Management Agency

field experiments -- monitoring cases of actual buildings or monuments

fillers/sealants -- caulks and cements; options and assessments

fireproof construction -- broad reaching category including materials and specially patented construction systems

flat arches -- construction techniques which use unreinforced masonry units set between large structural metal elements; installation, and usage

flat jack -- field instrumentation designed to obtain strength characteristics with minimal damage

footing loading/footing design -- shallow foundations

foundation -- building supports

freeze or freeze-thaw -- impact of cyclic weathering either in field or laboratory conditions

full-scale -- usually implies a laboratory experiment done at one-hundred percent of the prototype building or element

funding -- financial resources which may or may not still be available

galvanized steel -- production, processing, performance, and usage

general reference -- good starting points as introductory text or texts of such breadth that description with a few key words would be inadequate

geology -- focusing on the nature and behavior of stone or clay

glazing -- manufacture, testing, or performance of ceramic coatings on masonry units

glass block -- production, processing, performance, and usage

glossary -- text containing a substantial glossary; those that are only glossaries are identified as such by their publication type

granite -- production, processing, performance, and usage

grouting (soil/rock) -- introduction of cementitous material in the soil; for use of grout for masonry repair see injection (walls), cement or epoxy

grout -- cementitous based, injectable material

Guastavino -- references about the Guastavinos, their projects, or their products

gunite -- a cementitous based system used for structural enhancement; known by many trade names including Shotcrete

gypsum -- production, processing, performance, and usage

history/historic -- either the tradition or development of a material or system, or reference to pre-nineteenth century materials, sites or systems

historic sites -- information about specific buildings, monuments, or
districts

hollow clay tile -- both structural and acoustic; production, processing, performance, and usage

housing -- changes in materials, priorities, demand, funding, and
legislation

hurricane -- vulnerability to or damage from high winds

importation/exportation/trade -- quantification of production information

industry/professional organizations -- creation, role, and influence of such groups

injection (walls) -- placement of epoxy or cementitious materials for repair or structural enhancement

in fill -- structural system using masonry between steel or other metal members

in situ evaluation/testing -- may be destructive or non-destructive

instrumentation/monitoring -- technology assessment or explanation

insurance -- risk and the industry

jacketing -- structural strengthening technique sometimes used for aseismic procedures

joint -- need for and function of control and expansion joints

laboratory experiments -- usually includes data and procedures

labor -- issues related to unions and work force availability,composition, and expertise

legal decisions/legal cases -- often in relation to protection of identified monuments

legislation/policy -- often in relation to protection of identified monuments

lime -- production, processing, performance, and usage

lime wash -- specific form of consolidation; installation, and assessment

limestone -- production, processing, performance, usage, and repair

literature -- either a book review, literature review, or recommendation

loadbearing masonry -- design, installation, and usage

maintenance -- recommendations and good practices

manufacture -- descriptions of the processes

marble -- production, processing, performance, usage, and repair

masonry -- general reference

masons -- labor issues

materials/material properties

mechanical strapping -- wrapping of in distress masonry by metal or composite bands or wires

micropiles -- small diameter, cast-in-place, concrete piles

misapplication/misdiagnosis -- usually refers to a specific project

models -- scaled replications, usually for the purpose of laboratory work

modulus of elasticity

modulus of rupture

moisture/water -- problems, diagnosis, and prevention

mortar -- production, processing, performance, usage, and repair

movement -- temperature and moisture induced, as well as ground induced

noise and noise proofing -- problems, diagnosis, and prevention

non-destructive evaluation/testing -- options and evaluations

numerical/mathematical modeling -- finite element modeling, discreet element modeling, and other programs and approaches; see computer modeling

operations research -- efficiency studies related to masonry placement

organizational resources -- technical and financial

ornamental -- non-structural elements

overloading -- specific failure mode

performance -- behavior other than durability

permeability -- also see absorption and porosity

personal communication

philosophy --conceptual framework for intervention decisions

piles -- deep foundations

plaster -- categorization, production, processing, performance, and usage

plastic repair -- build up product categorization, production, processing, performance, and usage

porosity -- also see absorption and permeability

post-tensioned/post-tensioning -- installation, performance, and usage for
brickwork and concrete

precompression -- installation, performance, and usage for brickwork and concrete

prefabrication -- manufacturing technique where units are assembled into
larger groups prior to final installation

prediction -- anticipatory analysis techniques

preservation personalities and advocates

preservation/conservation -- approaches and efforts

prestressed brickwork -- production, installation, processing, performance, and usage; also see prestressed masonry

prestressed masonry -- production, installation, processing, performance, and usage for brickwork, blockwork, or other products; also see prestressed brickwork

production -- quantification of the manufacturing

product information -- usually an advertisement or other commercially oriented literature, may include laboratory results

progressive -- collapse mechanism

protection/prevention -- approaches and efforts

quality control/inspection -- options and opportunities

quantity estimation --take off guides and general guidelines

rebuilding/reconstruction -- approaches and efforts

rehabilitation -- approaches and efforts

reinforced brickwork -- production, installation, processing, performance, and usage; also see reinforced masonry

reinforced concrete -- -- early products and systems; installation,processing, performance, and usage

reinforced masonry -- brickwork, blockwork, or other products; production, installation, processing, performance, and usage

reinforcing

relocation -- moving of structures

remediation -- repair work

repair/repair options -- approaches and efforts

repointing -- brickwork and stone

research review/research needs -- overviews by government agencies and
professional organizations

restoration --approaches and efforts

retrofit -- seismic and non-seismic; approaches and efforts

risk -- assessment and evaluation

salvage -- options, drawbacks, assessment, and evaluation of used materials

sand-lime brick -- early cmu blocks, production, processing, performance,
and usage

sandstone -- production, processing, performance, usage, and repair

schools/libraries/hospitals -- information about specific building types

settlement/heave -- ground movement

shear/bond performance -- usually in relation to brickwork

shrinkage/expansion -- temperature, moisture, and chemical based volume changes

size/shape/texture -- of units

soil/geotechnical -- procedures and problems

spalling -- specific type of deterioration

specifications/standards -- industry-wide or project-based

stainless steel -- production, processing, performance, and usage

steel skeleton/sky scraper -- development and evolution

stone -- production, processing, performance, usage, and repair

strength

structural intervention -- strength repair methods

structural steel -- production, processing, performance and usage

synthetic material -- e.g. glass fiber reinforced concrete

technical resources -- organizations and publications

terra cotta -- includes terra cotta and tile work; production, processing,
performance, and usage

testing procedures -- field, plant, and laboratory techniques for quality
control and assessment

theaters/auditoriums -- information about specific building types

thermal -- temperature based changes

ties and connectors -- non-loadbearing anchors; installation, use, and assessment

training/education -- preservation and repair

underpinning/shoring -- installation of temporary support systems

UNESCO -- programs and projects

unit replacement -- installation and options

unreinforced masonry -- production, processing, performance, usage, and repair

urban planning -- influence of zoning on historic preservation

usage -- how a material is employed or on what type of project it is used,
usually implies a new role at the time of the textUs publication

veneer construction -- similar to cavity construction but without a space between the outer cladding and the structural members, includes information on cladding systems and materials

vibrations -- may be natural or man made

vulnerability -- risk assessment of a structure or structural system

wood -- production, processing, performance, and usage

women -- workers and advocates

world monument fund -- programs and projects

wrought iron/cast iron -- production, processing, performance, and usage

The Masonry Society database of abstracts has been put on-line so those interested in building conservation have an easily accessible way to find a significant quantity of information on preserving historic masonry buildings and monuments. However, users should be aware that The Masonry Society does not have access to most of the references in this database. Therefore Please contact your nearest university or major public library to obtain  references.